Globalisation UN

It is clear that the UN is concern about globalization and how is affecting the world. The United Nations established nine development goals to ensure the eradication of extreme poverty in the world by 2015. We will evaluate considering what the UN and the World Bank show in each of the goals, how is affecting positively and negatively the world.

The first goal is to reduce the proportion of people living on less than $1 a day to half the 1990 level by 2015, and to reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger from 1990 to 2015. The UN shows us that almost all the developing regions of the world the proportion of people living under $1 has decreased even in the Sub-Saharan Africa region, which came down from 46.8% to 41.1%. . The only area that has increased is Western Asia from 1.6% to 3.8%. Worldwide the number of people in developing counties living on less than $1 a day fell from 1.25 billion in 1990 to 980 million in 2004. The poverty gap ratio, which reflects the depth of poverty as well, has decreased in all regions except Western Asia. Child hunger is declining in all regions, but meeting the target will require accelerated progress.

The second goal is to achieve universal primary education. Education prepares children to participate in the society and the global economy; it is also the basis for reducing poverty and inequality, improving health enabling the use of new technologies, and creating and spreading knowledge. Until 2004 more than 100 million children of primary school age remain out of school most of the in South Asia and Sub-Sahara Africa. The net enrolment ratio in primary education in the developing regions increased from 80% in 1990 to 88% in 2004. Although the increase in regions like the Sub-Sahara, a strong push will be needed over the next few years to enroll all children in school and to fulfill their right to a quality education.

The third goal is to promote ender equality and empower women. Gender inequality starts early and keeps women at disadvantage throughout their lives. Three regions lag behind in providing girls full access to primary and secondary school; South Asia, Sub Saharan Africa and the Middle east and North Africa. Here woman’s participation is low and progress has been insignificant. Only one in five paid employees in that region is a woman, a situation that as remained unchanged for the last 15 years. In other regions, women are slowly gaining access to paid employment at a level on par with men, in the case of the CIS. Women are gaining ground political power, though men still wield control. In 2007 women represented 17% of single and lower houses of parliament from 13 in the 1990. Thirteen women were head of state compared to 9 in 1990. Only in Eastern Asia the percentage has decreased from all the other regions.

The fourth goal is to reduce by two thirds the less than five mortality rate. Every year almost 11 million children in developing countries before the age of five most from cause that are readily preventable in rich countries. Though infant and child mortality rate have declined globally, the pace of progress has been uneven across regions and countries. Accelerated improvements are needed most urgently in Sub Sahara Africa;, Southern Asia CSI countries in Asia and Oceania.

The fifth goal is to reduce by three quarters, the maternal mortality ratio. Complications from pregnancy and childbirth are a leading cause of death and disability among women of reproductive age in developing countries. This can be prevented trough appropriate reproductive health services before and during pregnancy. The regions with the lowest proportion of skilled heath attendants at birth are Southern Asia and Sub- Sahara Africa, witch also have the highest number of maternal deaths. Since 1990 every region has made progress in assuring that women get attendance during their pregnancy.

The Sixth goal is to have halted and begun the spread of HIV/AIDS. By the end of 2006 40 million people were estimated to live with HIV, 4.3 million people were infected in the same year. The treatment to prevent the decease continues to expand in 2006 an estimated of 2 million people were receiving therapy. The regions with more percentage of people receiving the treatment are Latin America and the Caribbean, South Eastern Asia and Western Asia. Oceania , CIS and Southern Asia.

The seventh goal is to integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs and reverse the loss of environmental resources. Poor people often depend on natural resources for their livelihood, are the most affected by environmental degradation and natural disasters, the effects of witch are worsened by environmental mismanage. Deforestation continues, especially in biologically diverse regions, including South-East Asia, Oceania, Latin America, and sub-Saharan Africa. Reforestation has increased in developed areas such as North America and Europe and even Eastern Asia. Growing greenhouse gas emissions continue to outpace advances in sustainable energy technologies, specially in areas like Easter Asia and CIS. The basic sanitation has increased in most of the regions but to meet the target will require extraordinary methods.
The expansion of cities has increased the urban population to live in scum conditions. In regions such as the Sub-Saharan Africa the percentage has decreased from 72 to 62 , South Eastern Asia, has decreased from 64 to 43, Oceania and western Asia have reined almost equal and North Africa has improved from 38 to 15%. .

The eight and final goal is to develop a global partner development. Development aid falls, despite renewed commitments by donor countries, donors pledge their aid to Africa but there is little to show so far. Preferential markets access has stalled for most developing counties. The debt service burden of developing countries continues to lighten. In all regions economies have failed to provide full employment for their young people. Access to information and communication technologies grows faster in mobile sector but internet remains low throughout the developing world

Globalisation has definitely helped undeveloped regions of the world in terms of the goals .